Аннотация

Таъхир дар ташхис ва табобати сил яке аз мушкилоти муҳими тандурустии ҷаҳонӣ боқӣ монда, ба ноил шудан ба ҳадафҳои Стратегияи ТУТ «Барҳам додани сил» монеа эҷод мекунад. Шарҳи адабиёти мазкур маълумоти аз 26 манбаҳои солҳои 2019–2025-ро оид ба давомнокӣ, детерминантҳо ва оқибатҳои таъхирҳо дар сатҳи бемор ва низоми тандурустӣ дар кишварҳои дорои сатҳи баланди бемории сил, аз ҷумла Тоҷикистон, ҷамъбаст менамояд. Тибқи натиҷаҳои таҳқиқот, давомнокии миёнаи умумии таъхир вобаста ба минтақа аз 30 то зиёда аз 100 рӯзро ташкил медиҳад. Омилҳои асосии таъхир аз ҷониби беморон стигматизатсия, сатҳи пасти огоҳӣ аз нишонаҳои беморӣ ва монеаҳои сохторӣ дар дастрасӣ ба хизматрасониҳои тиббӣ мебошанд; таъхирҳои системавӣ бештар бо хатогиҳои ташхисӣ дар зинаи аввалияи тиббӣ, зарурати пардохт барои ташхис ва дастрасии маҳдуди хизматрасониҳои DOTS вобастаанд. Дар беморони гирифтори сили ба доруҳо тобовар (МЛУ-ТБ) таъхирҳо бештар ба назар расида, мустақиман бо натиҷаҳои номусоиди табобат алоқаманд мебошанд. Коҳиш додани таъхирҳо татбиқи чораҳои маҷмӯиро талаб мекунад, аз ҷумла баланд бардоштани сатҳи огоҳии аҳолӣ, бартараф намудани монеаҳои молиявӣ, васеъ намудани шабакаи марказҳои DOTS ва ҷорӣ намудани васеи усулҳои молекулавии ташхис.
 

Калимаҳои калидӣ

сили шушҳо таъхири ташхис таъхири табобат таъхири муроҷиати бемор таъхири низоми тандурустӣ омилҳои хавф MDR-TB / МЛУ-ТБ стигматизатсия Тоҷикистон Осиёи Марказӣ.

Матни пурра

Боргирӣ кардани мақола дар PDF

Версияи пурраи мақола дар формати PDF

Феҳристи манбаъ

  1. World health organisation. Global Tuberculosis Report 2025. Geneva: 2025; P.76. Available from: https://www.who.int/teams/global-tuberculosis-programme/tb-reports/global-tuberculosis-report-2024
  2. Estaji F, Kamali A, Keikha M. Strengthening the global Response to Tuberculosis: Insights from the 2024 WHO global TB report. J Clin Tuberc Other Mycobact Dis. 2025;39:100522. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jctube.2025.100522
  3. Teo AKJ, Singh SR, Prem K, Hsu LY, Yi S. Duration and determinants of delayed tuberculosis diagnosis and treatment in high-burden countries: a mixed-methods systematic review and meta-analysis. Respir Res. 2021;22:251. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12931-021-01841-6
  4. Datiko DG, Jerene D, Suarez P. Patient and health system delay among TB patients in Ethiopia: Nationwide mixed method cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health. 2020;20:1126. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-020-08967-0
  5. Tierney DB, Orvis E, Nathavitharana RR, et al. FAST tuberculosis transmission control strategy speeds the start of tuberculosis treatment at a general hospital in Lima, Peru. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2022;43(10):1459-1465. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1017/ice.2021.422
  6. Zaitseva O, Denisiuk O, Dadu A, Terleieva I, Liashko V, Korotych O, et al. Delays and associated risk factors in the detection and treatment of rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis patients in Ukraine. Public Health Panorama. 2019;5(4):589-600.
  7. Teo A, Singh SR, Prem K, Hsu LY, Yi S. Delayed diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis in high-burden countries: a systematic review protocol. BMJ Open. 2019;9(7):e029807. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2019-029807
  8. Samal J, Preetha GS, Singh H. Delays in tuberculosis care among the top-ten-tuberculosis-high burden countries in the world: a scoping review. J Egypt Public Health Assoc. 2026;101(1):1. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1186/s42506-025-00204-z
  9. Sharifov R, Nabirova D, Tilloeva Z, Zikriyarova S, Kishore N, Jafarov N, et al. TB treatment delays and associated risk factors in Dushanbe, Tajikistan, 2019-2021. BMC infectious diseases. 2024;24(1):1398. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-024-10265-8
  10. Тиллоева ЗХ. Динамика лекарственной устойчивости возбудителей туберкулёза во время пандемии новой коронавирусной инфекции в г. Душанбе: необходимость принятия срочных мер. Вестник Авиценны. 2022;24(3):353-68. Available from: https://doi.org/10.25005/2074-0581-2022-24-3-353-368
  11. Scott C, Mangan J, Tillova Z, Jensen PA, Ahmedov S, Ismoilova J, et al. Evaluation of the Tuberculosis Infection Control Training Center, Tajikistan, 2014-2015. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2017;21(5):579–585. Available from: https://doi.org/10.5588/ijtld.16.0518
  12. Шарифов РН, Набирова ДА, Тиллоева ЗХ, Хорт Р, Зикриярова СМ, Джафаров НДж, и др. Задержки в диагностике и лечении у больных туберкулезом легких в период пандемии COVID-19 в г. Душанбе, Таджикистан, 2022. Туберкулез и болезни легких. 2023;101(5):6-13. Available from: https://doi.org/10.58838/2075-1230-2023-101-5-6-13
  13. Goletti D, Meintjes G, Andrade BB, Zumla A, Shan Lee S. Insights from the 2024 WHO Global Tuberculosis Report – More Comprehensive Action, Innovation, and Investments required for achieving WHO End TB goals. International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases. 2025;150:107325. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2024.107325
  14. Wako WG, Wasie A, Wayessa Z, Fikrie A. Determinants of health system diagnostic delay of pulmonary tuberculosis in Gurage and Siltie zones, South Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study. BMJ open. 2021;11(10):e047986. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-047986
  15. Zhou Y, Wang F, Huang L, Liu K, Zhang Y, Luo D, et al. Factors associated with tuberculosis care-seeking and diagnostic delays among childhood pulmonary tuberculosis in Zhejiang Province, China: a 10-year retrospective study. Scientific reports. 2024;14(1):17086. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-68173-5
  16. Akalu TY, Clements ACA, Gebreyohannes EA, Xu Z, Bai L, Alene KA. Risk factors for diagnosis and treatment delay among patients with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in Hunan Province, China. BMC infectious disease. 2024;24(1):159. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-024-09036-2
  17. Liao R, Hu L, Yu J, Chen Y, Chen M, Yan J, et al. Association between TB delay and TB treatment outcomes in HIV-TB co-infected patients: a study based on the multilevel propensity score method. BMC Infect Dis. 2024;24(1):457. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-024-09328-7
  18. Chaychoowong K, Watson R, Barrett DI. Perceptions of stigma among pulmonary tuberculosis patients in Thailand, and the links to delays in accessing healthcare. Journal of infection prevention. 2023;24(2):77-82. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1177/17571774231152720
  19. Kılıç A, Zhou X, Moon Z, Hamada Y, Duong T, Layton C, et al. A systematic review exploring the role of tuberculosis stigma on test and treatment uptake for tuberculosis infection. BMC public health. 2025;25(1):628. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-024-20868-0
  20. Hassan S, Yaesoubi R, Magnus OBH, Kanthali M, Purohit MR, Mustafa T. Factors associated with the delay in diagnosis of extrapulmonary tuberculosis at the patient and health system level: A study from a rural setting in India. PloS one. 2025;20(1):e0316273. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0316273
  21. Lee JH, Garg T, Lee J, McGrath S, Rosman L, Schumacher SG, et al. Impact of molecular diagnostic tests on diagnostic and treatment delays in tuberculosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC infectious diseases. 2022;22(1):940. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-022-07855-9
  22. Obsa MS, Daga WB, Wosene NG, Gebremedhin TD, Edosa DC, Dedecho AT, et al. Treatment seeking delay and associated factors among tuberculosis patients attending health facility in Ethiopia from 2000 to 2020: A systematic review and meta analysis. PloS one. 2021;16(7):e0253746. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0253746
  23. Cahyani F, Dewi A. Stigma among tuberculosis patients: A bibliometric analysis and scoping review. Russ Open Med J. 2025 Jun 1;14(2).
  24. Fan M, Liu Y, Liu K, Liu X, Li Y, Li T, et al. Health system delay and risk factors in pulmonary tuberculosis diagnosis before and during the COVID-19 epidemic: a multi-center survey in China. Front Public Heal. 2025;13:1526774. Available from: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2025.1526774
  25. Пирмахмадзода БП, Тиллоева ЗХ, Гуломова ТА, Солихова МХ, Неъматова П. Социальная поддержка больных туберкулёзом и её влияние на исход их лечения. Вестник Последипломного Образования В Сфере Здравоохранения Республики Таджикистан. 2025;15(4):89-97. Available: https://www.vestnik-ipovszrt.tj/uploads/articls/2025/Zhurnal-4-2025.pdf
  26. Тиллоева ЗХ. Имплементационное исследование в профилактике и контроле туберкулёза с лекарственной устойчивостью в период пандемии COVID-19 в Душанбе. Вестник Авиценны. 2022;24(2):204-17. Available from: https://doi.org/10.25005/2074-0581-2022-24-2-204-217