Abstract

Objective
To compare the condition of the oral organs and tissues in patients with anterior dental crowding and in individuals without this pathology, in order to identify potential differences in key clinical and hygienic parameters
Materials and Methods
The main group included 42 patients aged 20–50 years with anterior dental crowding of the functionally oriented frontal group, who presented to the Department of Therapeutic Dentistry of the Avicenna Tajik State Medical University. The comparison group consisted of 36 patients without dental crowding. A standard dental examination was performed with the completion of unified dental charts, after which the diagnosis was verified based on a combination of clinical and radiographic findings. Quantitative assessment was conducted using the PMA index, caries indices (DMFT for teeth and surfaces), the Complex Periodontal Index (CPI), as well as the oral self-cleansing test according to V. K. Leontiev et al. The selected indices ensured comparability of groups and objectification of differences.
Results
Comparison of caries intensity and periodontal status revealed statistically significant differences across all analyzed parameters between patients with dental crowding and those without this condition. In other words, the profile of clinical and hygienic indices in the main group consistently deviated from control values, indicating an association between dental arch anomalies and the risk of caries and periodontal alterations.
Conclusion
The area of dental crowding functions as a “weak link” under the influence of unfavorable risk factors. Therefore, modification of basic approaches to both individual and professional oral hygiene is required, with particular emphasis on hard-to-reach interdental areas and regular monitoring of the effectiveness of hygiene measures. The area of overcrowding acts as zone of the least resistance for determinant factor of the risk of dentistry origins that relieves retention of raid and supports inflammatory-carious processes.

Keywords

syndrome of the close-fitting position teeth carious process index of intensities parodont hygiene of oral cavity teeth raid.

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